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Silent stroke

A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is reduced or interrupted preventing brain tissue from receiving the oxygen and nutrients. Brain cells start to die within minutes.

A stroke is a medical emergency and quick treatment is important. Early action can sure reduce the brain damage and other complications. 

The good news is that fewer Americans are dying of stroke today than in the past. Effective treatments can also help prevent disability caused by stroke. 

 

Symptom

If you or someone you travel with has a stroke, pay close attention to when symptoms appear. Some treatment options are more effective when given soon after the onset of a stroke. 
Signs and symptoms of a stroke include:

• Difficulties in speaking and understanding what others are saying. You may experience confusion, trouble speaking, or difficulty understanding speech. 
• Numbness or numbness of the face, arms or legs. You may experience sudden numbness, weakness, or paralysis of your face, arms, or legs. It affects usually one side of the body. Try to simultaneously raise both arms above your head. If one arm starts to fall, you could have a stroke. Also, one side of the mouth may sag when you are trying to smile. 
• Difficulty seeing in one or both eyes. You may suddenly have blurry or dark vision in one or both eyes, or you may be able to see your eyes. 
• Headache. A sudden or severe headache, which can be accompanied by dizziness, vomiting or changes in consciousness, may show that you have a stroke.
• Difficulty walking. You can trip or lose your balance. You may also experience sudden dizziness or loss of coordination. 

When to see a doctor 

See a doctor right away if you notice any of the signs or symptoms of a stroke, even if they seem to come and go or go away completely. Think "QUICK" and do the following: 

• Confront. Ask the person to smile. Is one side of the face sagging? 
• Bracelets. Have the person raise both arms. Is an arm drifting down? Or an arm that cannot be reached? 
• Speeches. Ask the person to repeat a simple sentence. Is his speech garbled or weird? 
• Time. If you notice any of these signs, call Hadi clinic 25363000 or emergency medical help right away. 

Immediately call 25363000. Don't wait to see if the symptoms stop. Every minute counts. The longer a stroke goes untreated, the higher the risk of brain damage and disability.
If you are with someone you suspect may have had a stroke, watch them carefully while you wait for help.

Causes 
There are two main causes of stroke: a blocked artery (ischemic stroke) or a leak or rupture of a blood vessel (hemorrhagic stroke). Some people may only experience a temporary interruption in blood flow to the brain, called a transient ischemic attack (TIA), without causing long-term symptoms. 
 
Ischemic stroke
This is the most common type of stroke. It occurs when the blood vessels in the brain narrow or become blocked, which drastically reduces blood flow (ischemia). Blocked or narrowed blood vessels are caused by a buildup of fat in the blood vessels or by blood clots or other debris moving through your bloodstream and settling in the blood vessels in your brain. 
Some early research suggests that COVID19 infection may be a possible cause of ischemic stroke, but more research is needed. 

Hemorrhagic Stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when a blood vessel in your brain bursts or leaks. A brain hemorrhage can be caused by many conditions that affect your blood vessels. Factors associated with hemorrhagic stroke include: 
• Uncontrolled high blood pressure 
• Overtreatment with anticoagulants (anticoagulants) 
• Aneurysms at weak points of the walls of blood vessels (aneurysm aneurysm) 
• Trauma (such as a car accident ) 
• Protein deposits in the walls of blood vessels which weaken the walls of the vessels (cerebrovascular disease) 
• Ischemic stroke resulting in hemorrhage 
A less common cause of bleeding in the brain is the rupture of an abnormal plexus of the brain. thin-walled blood vessels (arterial malformation). 

A transient ischemic attack (TIA)
A transient ischemic attack (TIA) - sometimes called a mini-stroke - is a temporary period of symptoms similar to those you experience during a stroke. TIAs do not cause permanent damage. This is caused through a temporary decrease in the blood supply to the part of your brain, which can last as little as five minutes. 
Like an ischemic stroke, a TIA occurs when a clot or blood debris reduces or blocks blood flow to part of your nervous system. 
Seek emergency care even if you think you have had a TIA because your symptoms have improved. It is not possible to tell if you have a stroke or TIA based on your symptoms alone. If you've had a TIA, it means you might have a partial blockage or narrowing of an artery leading to your brain. Having a TIA increases your risk of having a full-blown stroke later in life.

Risk factors
There are many factors that can increase your risk for stroke. Treatable stroke risk factors include: 
Lifestyle risk factors 
• Being overweight or obese 
• Inactivity 
• Heavy drinking or heavy drinking 
• Using drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine 

Medical risk factors 
• High blood pressure 
• Smoking cigarettes or exposure to second-hand smoke 
• High cholesterol 
• Diabetes 
• Obstructive sleep apnea 
• cardiovascular disease, including heart failure, heart defects, infections of the heart, or irregular heartbeat, such as atrial fibrillation 
• Personal or family history of stroke, heart attack, or transient ischemic attack kit 
• Infection with COVID19 

Other factors associated with risk of Higher strokes include: 
• Age - People 55 and older have a higher risk of Stroke than younger adults. 
• Race – Americans and Africans also have higher risk to have a stroke than people of other races. 
• Gender - Men usually have higher risk to have a stroke than women. Women tend to be older when they have a stroke, and they are more likely to die from a stroke than men. 
• Hormones - Using oral contraceptives or hormone therapy containing estrogen increases your risk.
 

Complications
A stroke sometimes cause temporary or permanent disability, depending on how long the brain is bloodless and where it is already affected. Complications can include: 
• Paralysis or loss of muscle mobility. You may have paralysis on one side of your body or lose control of certain muscles, such as one side of your face or an arm. 
• Difficulty speaking or swallowing. A stroke can affect the control of the muscles in the mouth and throat, making it difficult to speak clearly, swallow, or eat. You may also have difficulty with language, including speaking or understanding voice, reading or writing. 
• Loss of memory or difficulty in thinking. Many people who have had a stroke have dementia. Others may experience difficulty thinking, reasoning, makes judgments, and understands concepts. 
• Emotional problems. People who get a stroke may have more difficulties in controlling their emotions or may have depression. 
• Painful. Pain or other unusual sensations may occur in some parts of the body that are affected by the stroke. For example, if the stroke causes you to lose sensation in your left arm, you may experience an uncomfortable tingling sensation in that arm. 
• Behavior and self-care. People who had the stroke can become more withdrawn. They might need the help with grooming and daily chores.

Prevention
To know your stroke risk factors, follow the recommendations of the doctor, and live a healthy lifestyle is the best steps you can take to prevent a stroke. If you've had a stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA), these steps can help prevent another stroke. The follow-up care you receive in the hospital can also play a role. 


Usually stroke prevention strategies are the same as heart disease prevention strategies. 

In general, recommendations for a healthy lifestyle include: 


• Control high blood pressure (hypertension). It is one of the most important things you can do to lower your risk of stroke. If you've had a stroke, lowering your blood pressure can help prevent a TIA or the next stroke. Healthy lifestyle changes and drugs commonly used to treat high blood pressure

• Reduce in your food the Fat and cholesterol amount. Eating less cholesterol and fat, especially saturated and trans-fat, can reduce buildup in your arteries. If you cannot control your cholesterol through dietary changes alone, your doctor may prescribe cholesterol-lowering drugs. 

• Quit smoking. Smoking increases the risk of stroke in smokers and non-smokers exposed to second-hand smoke. Stopping smoking reduces the risk of stroke. 

• Management of diabetes. Diet, exercise, and weight loss can help keep your blood sugar levels at a healthy level. If lifestyle factors are not enough to control your diabetes, your doctor will prescribe diabetes medication. 

• Maintain a healthy weight. Overweight will contribute to new risk factors for stroke, such as high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and also diabetes. 

• Eat a healthy food rich in vegetables and fruits. A diet that includes at least five servings of fruits or vegetables a day can reduce the risk of stroke. The Mediterranean diet, which emphasizes olive oil, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and whole grains, can help. 

• Exercise regularly. Aerobic exercise usually it reduces the risk of stroke indifferent ways. Exercise can lower blood pressure, raise good cholesterol levels, and improve the overall health of your blood vessels and heart. It also helps you lose weight, manage diabetes, and reduce stress. Gradually get at least 30 minutes of moderate physical activity - such as walking, jogging, swimming, or cycling - most, if not every day of the week. 

•. Drinking Heavy alcohol increases you’re the risk of high blood pressure, ischemic strokes and hemorrhagic strokes. Alcohol also interacts with other drugs you're taking. 

• Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Your doctor may recommend a sleep study if you have symptoms of OSA - a sleep disorder that causes you to stop breathing for short periods of time repeatedly while sleeping. Treatment for OSA involves a device that delivers positive airway pressure through a mask to keep your airways open while you sleep. 

• Avoid illegal drugs. Some drugs, like cocaine and others, are risk factors for TIA or stroke.

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